Medical Technology

Stephen Hawking says that the 21st century will be the century of complexity and indeed now systems biology or medicine means dealing with complexity. Both the genome and physiome have emerged in studying complex physiological systems. Computational and mathematical modeling has been regarded as an efficient tool to boost the understanding about living systems in normal or pathophysiological states.Covering applied methodology, basic case studies and complex applications, this volume provides researchers with an overview of modeling and computational studies of physiology (i.e. quantitative physiology), which is becoming an increasingly important branch of systems biology.This book aims to build multi-scale models to investigate functions in living systems and explain how biomolecules, cells, organs, organ systems and organisms carry out the chemical or physical functions. Some of the models addressed are related to gene expression, calcium signalling, neural activity,blood dynamics and bone mechanics.Combining theory and practice, with extensive use of MATLAB, this book is designed to establish a paradigm for quantitative physiology by integrating biology, mathematics, physics and informatics etc. To benefit from this book, the readers are expected to have a background in general physiology and mathematics

This book analyses the ability of technological advancements to represent, enhance, and empower multidisciplinarity in the context of Society 5.0. and next generation medicine. New technologies allow patients to communicate with medical personnel anytime, anywhere and shape the terrain of healthcare ecosystem at an unprecedented rate. Five main trends become apparent in this process: Hybrid care models combining virtual and in-person services, digitization of healthcare specialties, increased Artificial intelligence (AI) adoption, health systems moving to the cloud and advanced precision medicine.In its chapters the book dissects the important roles for technologies in areas such as digital twinning, big data, Internet of Things, AI, cyber-physical systems, blockchain technology to lead the healthcare digitalization envisioned in Society 5.0. Throughout the book the authors discuss how to incorporate these new technologies legally, ethically, safely, and securely and in keeping with the highest standards of human rights. It also advocates for the need for careful oversight and mindful allocation of resources and energy for sustainable development.This book, written by experts in the field from academia and industry, will appeal to researchers, healthcare professionals, policy makers, teachers and students interested in the ways healthcare is reorganized based on digital transformation efforts and the rethinking of care, including technologies.

This book develops and details a rigorous, canonical modeling approach for analyzing spatio-temporal brain wave dynamics. The nonlinear, nonstationary behavior of brain wave measures and general uncertainty associated with the brain makes it difficult to apply modern system identification techniques to such systems. While there is a substantial amount of literature on the use of stationary analyses for brain waves, relatively less work has considered real-time estimation and imaging of brain waves from noninvasive measurements. This book addresses the issue of modeling and imaging brain waves and biomarkers generally, treating the nonlinear and nonstationary dynamics in near real-time. Using a modal state-space formulation leads to intuitive, physically significant models which are used for analysis and diagnosis.A Modal Approach to the Space-Time Dynamics of Cognitive Biomarkers provides a much-needed reference for practicing researchers in biomarker modeling leveraging the lens of engineering dynamics.

This book offers readers a series of robotic methods for manipulating zebrafish larva, one of the most popular model vertebrates widely used in biomedical research and clinical applications. The authors leverage advanced control theories, image processing algorithms, and artificial intelligence to establish a robot-assisted automated or semi-automated zebrafish larva-targeted micromanipulation system for different experimental purposes. The methods presented are generic and can be translated to manipulate other types of biological objects, such as embryos or cells. Coverage includes topics that span the procedures of manipulating zebrafish larva, such as in-plane positioning, three-dimensional orientation, deformation-controllable immobilization, organ-targeted microinjection, whole-organism imaging, and high-throughput trajectory tracking of zebrafish larvae group movement.Robotic Micromanipulation of Zebrafish Larva is written in a simple, clear, and easy-to-read style. It is an ideal reference for academic researchers and biomedical operators. It is also a valuable resource for students learning robotics, control and system theories, image processing, artificial intelligence, and biomedical engineering.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art research as well as current challenges and strategies to reconstruct large bone defects employing 3D printing technology. Various topics covered include different 3D printing technologies that can be applied for bioengineering bone, the aspects of basic bone biology critical for clinical translation, tissue engineering platforms to investigate the bone niche microenvironment, the pathway to clinical translation, and regulatory hurdles.Bone Tissue Engineering: State-of-the-Art in 3D Printing is an ideal book for students and researchers interested in learning more about the latest advances in employing different 3D printing technologies for bone tissue engineering.

This book focuses on applications of three-dimensional (3D) printing in healthcare. It first describes a range of biomaterials, including their physicochemical and biological properties. It then reviews the current state of the art in bioprinting techniques and the potential application of bioprinting, computer-aided additive manufacturing of cells, tissues, and scaffolds to create organs in regenerative medicine. Further, it discusses the orthopedic applications of 3D printing in the design and fabrication of dental implants, and the use of 3D bioprinting in oral and maxillofacial surgery and in tissue and organ engineering. Lastly, the book examines the 3D printing technologies that are used for the fabrication of the drug delivery system. It also explores the current challenges and the future of 3D bioprinting in medical sciences, as well as the market demand.

This is the second of two volumes that together provide an overview of the latest advances in the generation and application of digital twins in bioprocess design and optimization.Both processes have undergone significant changes over the past few decades, moving from data-driven approaches into the 21st-century digitalization of the bioprocess industry. Moreover, the high demand for biotechnological products calls for efficient methods during research and development, as well as during tech transfer and routine manufacturing. In this regard, one promising tool is the use of digital twins, which offer a virtual representation of the bioprocess. They reflect the mechanistics of the biological system and the interactions between process parameters, key performance indicators and product quality attributes in the form of a mathematical process model. Furthermore, digital twins allow us to use computer-aided methods to gain an improved process understanding, to test and plan novel bioprocesses, and to efficiently monitor them. This book focuses on the application of digital twins in various contexts, e.g. computer-aided experimental design, seed train prediction, and lifeline analysis. Covering fundamentals as well as applications, the two volumes offers the ideal introduction to the topic for researchers in academy and industry alike.

This book illustrates the importance and significance of the biosurfactants obtained from microorganisms, preferably from bacteria and yeast. It explains the superiority of biosurfactants (green molecule) over chemically synthesized surfactants for the sustainable future. The content of the present book addresses the quest for novel biosurfactants producing strains, high throughput screening methods, and production strategies. It finely describes the aptness of biosurfactants for industrial and environmental applications. It elaborately describes the technical background and cutting-edge advancement of the commercial aspect of biosurfactants. In the later part of the book, the role of green biosurfactants in food processing, control of food spoilage, incorporation in personal health care products, environmental and agricultural remediation are discussed. Finally, the book elucidates a comprehensive and representative description of toxicity assessment of the biosurfactants, which highlights the risk assessment of the incorporation of the microbial biosurfactants in food, healthcare, and pharmaceutical formulations.

This book focuses on applications of three-dimensional (3D) printing in healthcare. It first describes a range of biomaterials, including their physicochemical and biological properties. It then reviews the current state of the art in bioprinting techniques and the potential application of bioprinting, computer-aided additive manufacturing of cells, tissues, and scaffolds to create organs in regenerative medicine. Further, it discusses the orthopedic applications of 3D printing in the design and fabrication of dental implants, and the use of 3D bioprinting in oral and maxillofacial surgery and in tissue and organ engineering. Lastly, the book examines the 3D printing technologies that are used for the fabrication of the drug delivery system. It also explores the current challenges and the future of 3D bioprinting in medical sciences, as well as the market demand.

This book describes the future of microscopically small medical devices and how to locate a lab to start conducting your own do-it-yourself microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) research in one of the many national, international, government, and other regional open use facilities, where you can quickly begin designing and fabricating devices for your applications. You will learn specific, tangible information on what MEMS are and how a device is fabricated, including what the main types of equipment are in these facilities. The book provides advice on working in a cleanroom, soft materials, collaboration, intellectual property and privacy issues, regulatory compliance, and how to navigate other issues that may arise. This book is primarily aimed at researchers and students who work at universities without MEMS facilities, and small companies who need access to MEMS resources.

Describes the properties of cellular membranes and their relationship with fundamental biological processes. This book provides insight on the chemistry, structures, model systems, and techniques employed for studying membrane properties and processes. A major focus is on the prominence of membranes in diverse physiological processes and disease, as well as applications of membranes and biomimetic membrane systems in varied disciplines. The book aims to illuminate the significance and beauty of membrane science, and serve both as an entry point for scholars wishing to embark on membrane research, as well as scientists already working in the field.

Es wird die Entwicklung eines modularen Robotersystems beschrieben, das bisher manuell erledigte Arbeitsschritte automatische durchführt. Ziel einer solchen Automatisierung ist einerseits den nötigen Persomal- und Kostenaufwand zu reduzieren und wissenschaftiche Erkentnisse schneller und leichter zu erzielen. Hierzu werden ein Roboter zur Probevorbereitung und ein Roboter zur zweistufigen Untersuchung von Proben mit automatischer Erkennung des interessierenden Bereiches entwickelt. Ein weiterer Aspekt ist die Steigerung der Effizienz hochauflösender, bildgebender Laboranalytik. Hierzu werden zwei einfache automatische bildgebende Roboter entwickelt, mit denen eine Vorauswahl der für weitere Untersuchungen interessanten Proben automatisch durchgeführt wird. Um eine automatische Gesamtprozesskette zu ermöglichen, wird ein auf die Einzelroboter abgestimmtes Transportsystem entwickelt, das den Transport von Mikrotiterplatten zwischen den Funktionseinheiten übernimmt. Zur Umsetzung der Einzelfunktionen werden Bildverarbeitungsmittel zur Erkennung von Informationen in Bildern in automatischen Algorithmen implementiert.

At the cross-roads of biology, microfluidics and photonics the field of optofluidics allows for quick and compact solutions for medical and biochemical sensing and manipulation. This book is concerned with the ingredients for a polymer-based platform which is able to culture and pattern life cells for a sufficient period of time, enables the integration of photonic devices, and provides means to integrate electronic readout. Thus - in its cross-discipline approach - it touches on aspects of photonics, nanofabrication, and biological methods alike.

The De Gruyter Handbook of Digital Health and Society explores how digitalization is reconfiguring practices of health and medicine. Digitalisation requires health and medical practices to address and utilise the interrelated challenges posed by increased quantification (e.g., data-intensive medicine), ubiquitous connectivity (e.g., remote access to care providers), and the unprecedented power of algorithms (e.g., communicative AI). Developing important social scientific analyses of the contemporary sociotechnical configuration of health knowledge, therapeutic relationships and medical decision-making, the handbook puts forward theories and methods to inform the development, implementation and governance of Digital Health. It will therefore be an invaluable resource for shaping desirable futures in health and care.

The book was inspired by the urgent need for advanced security methods that can keep pace with the increasingly complex nature of modern healthcare systems. In the age of medical networks, incorporating fuzzy logic provides a flexible, adaptive approach to security, enhancing traditional methods of safeguarding patient data, medical devices, and sensitive health records. It presents fuzzy logic as a tool for providing dynamic, intelligent security solutions, exploring its application in risk assessment, anomaly detection, and real-time decision-making processes. By addressing both theoretical frameworks and practical implementations, the book offers comprehensive strategies for establishing resilient, secure healthcare environments. Ultimately, the book is essential reading for healthcare professionals, IT specialists and researchers, and healthcare industries. It provides them with the knowledge to fortify next-generation healthcare systems against cyber threats, ensuring safety and confidence in digital health innovations.

This book sheds new light on metrics like Minimal Clinically Important Difference (MCID) or Minimal Important Difference (MID) by discussing their application beyond traditional medical fields into non-clinical domains such as education, environmental studies, business analytics, finance, linguistics, economics, and biology. It addresses a significant research gap by demonstrating the utility of MCID/MID in enhancing decision-making processes across various scientific fields.The chapters cover topics such as the theoretical foundations of MCID/MID, methodological approaches for determining these metrics, and their application in diverse contexts. Readers will learn about the importance of MCID in assessing meaningful changes in speech therapy, biology, ecological restoration projects, and more. The book also explores the complexities of Health Technology Assessment (HTA), highlighting methodological diversities and the tension between universal and context-specific thresholds.Researchers in fields ranging from clinical medicine to social sciences will find this book invaluable. It offers insights into integrating MCID/MID metrics into telemedicine and remote healthcare while addressing underexplored areas in non-clinical research. This volume is a must-read for anyone interested in enhancing data-driven decision-making through meaningful outcomes.

Messzylinder und Gasbrenner, Thermostate und Zentrifugen: Laborgeräte werden in einer Vielzahl von Branchen eingesetzt und leisten unter anderem in der Medizin- und Umwelttechnik, in der Pharmazie und im Lebensmittelbereich wertvolle Dienste. Die vorliegende Normensammlung bündelt 32 Dokumente rund um Laborgeräte - die nicht aus Glas gefertigt sind - und leistet damit einen wertvollen Beitrag zur beruflichen Praxis vieler Fachbereiche. <BR>Die enthaltenen Normen versammeln Informationen und Anforderungen zu Verfahren, Materialien und Prüfungen. Auf fast 600 Seiten bietet "Laborgeräte" eine Vielzahl von praxisrelevanten Angaben, welche durch das Stichwortregister optimal auffindbar sind.<BR>Diese Themen erwarten Sie im DIN-Taschenbuch 347:<BR>- Volumen- oder Dichtemessung- pH-Messung- Laborthermostate und Wärmeschränke- Zentrifugen- Labordatenübertragung und Datenkommunikation- Laborgeräte aus Metall- Laborgeräte aus Kunststoff und Kautschuk<BR><BR>Das Buch richtet sich an:<BR>Herstellerbetriebe von Laborgeräten, Betreibende und Leitende von Laboratorien, Qualitätsmanager, Kalibrier- und Prüfabteilungen und Prüfinstitute, Forschungseinrichtungen

Mehr als 250 klinische Fallbeispiele mit Fragen und Antworten verbessern Ihre Diagnosetechnik und Befundinterpretation für die gängigsten Verfahren der Diagnostik in der Inneren Medizin:- Abdomensonografie und Gefäßsonografie- Echokardiografie- EKG- Endoskopie- Lungenfunktionsdiagnostik- Radiologie- Hämatologie (Differenzialblutbild)Zahlreiche Befundbilder und das Doppelseitenprinzip - links klinischer Befund und Fragen, rechts die Antworten mit Erläuterungen, Diagnosen und praktischen Tipps - trainieren den richtigen Einsatz der bildgebenden und apparativen Techniken sowie die sichere Beurteilung der Befunde. In Kombination mit der praxisnahen Einführung in jede Untersuchungsmethode bieten die klinischen Übungsfälle eine umfangreiche Prüfungsvorbereitung für den angehenden Facharzt bzw. die angehende Fachärztin.<BR><BR>Neu in der 3. Auflage:<BR>- Neue Fallbeispiele in den Kapiteln Lungenfunktionsdiagnostik, Radiologische Diagnostik, Hämatologie- Stark überarbeitet und mehr als 60 neue Abbildungen

Autor: Prof. Dr. Georg Schwedt, Taschenbuch, 148 Seiten, 131 Fotos und AbbildungenÜBER DAS BUCH:Goethes botanische Studien reichen von der Reise im Fichtelgebirge nach Karlsbad (1785), Studien in Italien und den Berichten in Heften "Zur Morphologie der Pflanzen" bis zu seinen chemischen Experimenten mit Pflanzenfarben.Er selbst berichtete über die Geschichte seiner botanischen Studien, auch dass er das System von LINNÈ sowie ROUSSEAUS botanische Schriften gelesen habe, und über die Idee einer Urpflanze.Der Botaniker Ferdinand Julius COHN stellte Goethe als Botaniker vor und der Erfurter Schuldirektor Arno BLIDNER schrieb über Goethe und die Urpflanze. Aus beiden Schriften wird zitiert.Goethes pflanzenchemische Arbeiten, die u.a. die Blütenfarbstoffe der Anthocyane betreffen, wurden erst in seinen nachgelassenen Schriften veröffentlicht - auch darüber wird berichtet.Eine seiner letzten grundlegenden, weit in die Zukunft schauenden Fragen lautete 1832 (kurz vor seinem Tod) sinngemäß, ob man vielleicht auch auf organisch-chemische Weise der Metamorphose der Pflanzen auf die Spur kommen könne.