International Economics

Weltweit gibt es über 160 verschiedene Währungen, jede mit einem Monopol innerhalb ihres eigenen Rechtsraums. Doch abgesehen von einer Handvoll stabilerer Währungen, verlieren die meisten von ihnen mit der Zeit rapide an Wert und finden kaum Akzeptanz außerhalb ihrer Landesgrenzen. Grenzüberschreitende Zahlungsengpässe, Umrechnungsprobleme und Währungswechsel machen das globale Finanzsystem in gewisser Weise zu einem modernen Tauschhandel. Wer im "falschen" Land geboren wurde, hat es besonders schwer, effektiv zu sparen. Während stetig steigende Energieproduktion und der technologische Fortschritt durch Elektronik unseren Lebensstandard kontinuierlich verbessert haben, hinkt das globale Finanzsystem dieser Entwicklung hinterher und bremst das wirtschaftliche Potenzial aus. Diese Problematik trifft nicht nur Schwellenländer, sondern wird zunehmend auch in den Industrieländern spürbar, wo Schulden und Defizite außer Kontrolle geraten und Wellen von Inflation und Bankenzusammenbrüchen die Weltwirtschaft erschüttern.Wie konnte es so weit kommen? Warum ist unser Geld im 21. Jahrhundert immer noch so unzulänglich?Politische Eingriffe können zwar kurzfristige und lokale Verbesserungen bringen, doch nur Technologie schafft nachhaltige und globale Veränderungen. Genau wie Gold einst Muscheln ersetzt hat, und wie Zentralbanken eine logische Konsequenz der Einführung von Geldscheinen aus Papyrus sind, und sogar wie die Erfindung des Telegraphen nur eine erste Etappe auf dem Entwicklungspfad hin zu Bitcoin darstellt, fällt die Bedeutsamkeit von Technologie insbesondere im Geldwesen auf.In BROKEN MONEY nimmt Lyn Alden ihre Leser mit auf eine spannende Reise durch die technologische Evolution des Geldes. Sie beleuchtet die Ursprünge des Geldwesens, wagt einen Blick in die Zukunft und hinterfragt die fundamentalen Grundlagen, auf denen unsere heutigen Geldsysteme beruhen.

This open access book seeks effective strategy to realize a rice Green Revolution in sub-Saharan Africa based on more than ten years of research team's inquiries into determinants and consequences of new technology adoption in rice farming in seven countries in this region. Rigorous statistical analyses are carried out by using valuable household data of rice farmers. The book is actually sequel to the two earlier books on the same subject published by Springer and edited by K. Otsuka and D.F. Larson, An African Green Revolution published in 2013 and In Pursuit of an African Green Revolution in 2016. The main message of the first book was that rice is the most promising cereal crop in SSA because of the high transferability of Asian rice technology, whereas that of the second book was that rice cultivation training programs are effective in significantly increasing rice yield in SSA. This third book has wider coverage in terms of topics, study periods, and study sites. It continuesto show the significant impacts of rice cultivation training on productivity and newly demonstrates the high sustainability of the productivity impact of the training and the existence of spillover effects from trainees to other farmers by using panel data. We newly assess the important role of mechanization in intensification of rice farming, high returns to large-scale irrigation schemes, and the critical role of rice millers in improving the quality of milled rice. Based on these studies, this book provides clear pathways toward full-fledged Green Revolution in rice farming in sub-Saharan Africa.

This proceedings volume highlights important points of achieving a balanced and sustained growth path from diverse economics and finance perspectives, touching on a wide array of economic and social analyses in India. Featuring contributions presented at the 2018 International Conference on Economics and Finance (ICEF-2018) held at the Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Goa, India, the enclosed papers explore topics such as inflation dynamics, information transmission in post-recession era, leverage effect and volatility asymmetry, structural change and economic growth and reforming tax systems, among others.The Indian economy today is remarkable and, not surprisingly, it is growing very rapidly. It has emerged as the fastest growing major economy in the world as per the Central Statistical Organization (CSO) and International Monetary Fund (IMF) and it is expected to be one of the top three economic powers of the world over the next 10 to15 years, backed by its strong democracy and partnership. At the backdrop of impressive progress of the Indian economy during the last two decades, the question that remains to be answered is does India still have a long way to go before it is functioning well as a market economy? This book critically examines the performance of the Indian economy at the national, state and sectorial levels.Featuring contributions from leading academicians, scholars and practitioners from Asia and the rest of the world, this book is an asset to students, professors, scholars, practitioners and policy makers in the areas of India economics, finance and sustainable development.

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Immiserizing Growth Fails the Poor refers to situations where economic growth does not lead to poverty reduction. How should this phenomenon be conceptualized? How often, when, and where does it occur? Why does it occur? Shaffer addresses these three sets of questions drawing on a wide range of theoretical perspectives and empirical approaches.This volume presents a conceptualization of immiserizing growth which combines the notions of failed and malevolent inclusion, being bypassed, and 'avoidably' harmed by growth, respectively. It develops this concept of malevolent inclusion drawing on a debate in philosophy about 'doing and allowing harm'. The analysis proceeds to examine the characteristics and causes of immiserizing growth on the basis of comparable household survey data from the 1990s using multiple poverty lines and time periods, and different measures of growth and poverty.The book also explores theories, processes, and mechanisms of immiserizing growth found in a wide variety of bodies of thought including the classical tradition of political economy (Mathus, Ricardo, and Marx), more recent radical traditions of scholarship, literatures on poverty dynamics, and inclusive growth and empirical case studies. It proceeds to empirically investigate some of the variables uncovered in this literature using cross-country econometric techniques, methods of qualitative comparative analysis and case-studies from sub-Saharan Africa, matched using cluster analysis and situated within a typological framework.

How have the events of the twenty-first century shaped African economies and societies? In this book, Steve Onyeiwu highlights the dynamics, challenges, and opportunities in African economies. He analyzes the socioeconomic and political conditions in Africa, with emphasis on events of the past two decades.Onyeiwu notes that African economies change virtually every minute, and it's imperative to ensure the information presented is current and accurate. Climate change and the explosion of the youth population have assumed new dimensions, prompting analysts to ponder their implications for the future of African economies. Other significant changes include COVID-19 and recent apprehension about the resilience of democracy throughout the region. The author addresses these complex topics and explains how the skepticism about the endurance of democracy is fueled by economic anxiety, political violence, coup d'états and protests in many parts of Africa.The book includes recent data on key variables and events in the region. In addition to undertaking thorough revisions of the 10 chapters from the first edition, this new edition includes three new chapters on population and youth, COVID-19, and climate change.

This book analyses the possible regionalization of global value chains, particularly in manufacturing. Amidst calls for an industrial renaissance in Europe and a resurgence of manufacturing jobs in the United States, the dynamics of global value chains have been reshaped by global pandemics, geopolitical tensions, and increased automation. Employing a multi-regional input-output model, the book scrutinizes the decline in offshoring afer the mid-2010s. It sheds light on regionalization as a pivotal force redefining global markets, and focuses on Europe and North America, revealing the strengthening of regional ties. Discussing future challenges, the book will appeal to scholars, students, and researchers, as well as practitioners and policy-makers interested in a better understanding of (de)globalization nuances connected to the evolving role of manufacturing in global value chains.

This book explores the disconnect between fiscal policy and macroeconomic development in South Africa. It analyses the factors that have contributed to the lack of economic growth in the country over recent decades and outlines an improved fiscal policy framework that increases investment and employment. Particular attention is given to the impact of government debt and its relationship with GDP, the connection between budget deficits and interest rates, and how economic policy uncertainty affects employment dynamics and inflation.This book provides practical fiscal policy suggestions to increase economic growth in South Africa and Africa more generally. It will be relevant to researchers and policymakers interested in African economics and economic policy.

Wie können vor dem Hintergrund der geopolitischen und ökonomischen Zeitenwende das Geschäftsmodell und der Standort Deutschland und Europa zukunftsfähig und zukunftsfest gemacht werden? Die Beiträge des Bandes wollen eine Debatte jenseits der aktuellen Krisenpolitik anstoßen, in der es darum geht, wirtschafts-, energie- und industriepolitische Antworten für die nächsten Jahre zu geben, damit der Wirtschaftsstandort und das Geschäftsmodell Deutschland und Europa auch in Zukunft erfolgreich sein können.Mit Beiträgen von Kerstin Andreae, Leonhard Birnbaum, Clemens Fuest, Hubertus Heil, Joe Kae-ser, Hildegard Müller, Nina Scheer, Christian Sewing, Bettina Stark-Watzinger, Jens Südekum u.a.

This book is a collection of meticulously gathered interviews with government officials, ambassadors, and executives involved in foreign investment and economic development in Cuba. The interviews, many for the first time with a foreign journalist, are valuable from a historical perspective and as a story of development. It offers an "open window" on Cuba into a crucial segment of the country's economy, erroneously perceived by some as "shuttered" to the outside world.This work is structured by the contextual history of Obama's opening with Cuba, the bleak days of Trump, the Havana Syndrome, the onset of the pandemic, the election of Biden, and his "unmet promises", through to economic recovery of the island under the post-pandemic normal. It highlights the work of the ones who lead and invest, create opportunities for themselves and others, initiate change, trigger sustainable development, build infrastructure, improve lives, strengthen the economy, lessen suffering, and create hope. They stimulate forward progress. These are the visionaries with plans seeking to realize the full potential of Cuba, driving a new era of sustainable development and growth. By filling those gaps, this work is an important supplement for any future analysis seeking to examine the country's potential.The book is divided into parts: government, economy, foreign investment, industrial zones, banking, law, and business, followed by interviews with top executives from Cuba's primary sectors. This "open window" on Cuba is a compelling fresh take that shows that Cuba is open for serious business.

This volume presents current developments in the fields of banking and finance from an international perspective. Featuring contributions from the 6th International Conference on Banking and Finance Perspectives (ICBFP), this volume serves as a valuable forum for discussing current issues and trends in the banking and financial sectors, especially in light of the global economic challenges triggered by financial institutions. Using the latest theoretical models, new perspectives are brought to topics such as international monetary policy, Islamic finance, microfinance, fintech, and capital flight. Offering an opportunity to explore the challenges of a rapidly changing industry, this volume will be of interest to academics, policy makers, and scholars in the fields of banking, insurance, and finance.

Opinions on digitalization in mangagement accounting.- Measuring digitalization in mangagement accounting.- Digital trends in mangagement accounting.- Evaluation options for business analytics in mangagement accounting.- Requirements for the profile of the digital mangagement accountant.- Gamification in mangagement accounting.- DACH companies - cross-industry practical examples on the topic of digitalization in mangagement accounting.

This book explores Ghana's newfound oil wealth and how the revenues it generates can be used to produce inclusive economic growth and development. Comparisons are made with neighboring countries, including Nigeria, Angola, and Equatorial Guinea, to highlight how petroleum resources can create jobs, increase research and development skills, and generate government revenue to invest in local services and infrastructure. The impact of global developments, such as the 2014-16 oil slump and innovation within the industry, are also covered.Petroleum Resource Management in Africa to provide policy suggestions and an operational framework for other petroleum producing countries. It will be of interest to academics and policymakers interested in resource and development economics.

This book focuses on the dialogues to improve the communication among Asian countries, which is contributed by world-wide experts from think-tanks, academia and governments. In this book, it involves the topics of Connotation and Evolution of Asian Civilization, Exchanges and Mutual Learning of Asian Civilization, Asian Civilization and Asian Development, Opportunities and Challenges Faced with Asian Civilization, etc.

This book presents a systemic view of the global environmental economy under the conditions of climate change from the positions of Sustainable Development Goals. The purpose of the book is to study the current problems of the global environmental economy under the conditions of climate change and to determine the prospects of its sustainable development (systemic support for the SDGs). This goal predetermines the logic and structure of the book, which is comprised of five parts.Part I presents the authors' novel view of the global environmental economy under the conditions of climate change from the positions of the SDGs. It reflects the contradiction and describes the path of preserving economic growth during the implementation of SDG 13. The COVID-19 pandemic and economic crisis are considered as the result of the reduction of biodiversity under the conditions of climate change from the positions of SDG 3. Responsible innovations, eco-friendly products, and green trade are presented as trends of the environmental economy under the conditions of climate change to support SDG 12. Green jobs are analyzed in the environmental economy under the conditions of climate change during the implementation of SDG 8. The significance of social inclusivity and reduction of the inequality of the environmental economy under the conditions of climate change to support SDG 10 is noted.Part II elaborates on the sectoral specifics of the influence of climate change on the environmental economy: energetics, finance, industry, state management, and agriculture. Part III presents and discusses the international experience of development of the environmental economy under the conditions of climate change given the specifics of developed and developing countries and based on the case experience of Central Asia, the EAEU, and Russia.In Part IV, technological transition (Fourth Industrial Revolution) is offered as a perspective response of the global economic policy to climate change. Scenarios of the fight against climate change in the Decade of Action depending on the scale of the technological transition are described: digital economy vs Industry 4.0 and Society 5.0. The perspectives of the technological transition at the level of companies (creation of cyber-physical systems of Industry 4.0; green digital innovations and smart ESG finance) and regions (smart region as a socio-economic environment with large adaptability to climate change) are described.

This book discusses the unique and unusual characteristics of the blockchain and the industries and markets affected by this technology in the Global South. Its main objectives are to 1) provide a comprehensive review of economic, health, social, political, entrepreneurial, and environmental impacts of blockchain, 2) present evidence from countries, industries, and firms to broaden the understanding of the contexts, mechanisms, and outcomes associated with blockchain projects, and 3) analyze the enablers and opportunities that can be tapped and barriers that may impede the implementation of blockchain projects in these economies.Given that in many way blockchain has a much higher value proposition for economies in the Global South than for their counterparts in the more developed Global North, it has the potential to make up for the lack of effective formal institutions - rules, laws, regulations, and their enforcement - as well as improve administrative aspects, such as maintenance of standards, monitoring and compliance. This work fills a gap in scholarly research and will appeal to researchers interested in the potential of blockchain to boost entrepreneurship, reshape governance, improve supply chain efficiency, and curb corruption in emerging economies.

This book explores the political economy of China-Pakistan economic corridor, a major pilot project for Chinäs ¿One Belt, One Road¿ initiatives. Pakistan will provide China with not only a pathway access to the Indian Ocean, Middle East and Africa, but also vital connections to the Trans-Asia railway network that links Southeast Asia, South Asia and West Asia. This book analyzes how domestic factors in Pakistan will affect Chinäs $46 billion investments. It will be of interest to scholars, policymakers, and journalists.