Neurosurgery

Das Arbeitsbuch ergänzt die Unterlagen der MCW Block 19 Vorlesungen und der Fallkonferenzen als kompakte und übersichtliche Lernliteratur. Es soll dadurch im Lernprozess der Studierenden ein Bindeglied von den Vorlesungen zu den umfangreicheren und detaillierteren Textbüchern und zu den spezifischen Guidelines der medizinisch-neurologischen Fachgesellschaften geschaffen werden. Inhaltlich umfasst das Arbeitsbuch die Themenblöcke Embryologie, Histologie, Neuropathologie, Pharmakologie, sowie ausgewählte Kapitel der Physiologie, Neurologie, und Neurochirurgie. In den Kapiteln zu den Fallkonferenzen werden ausgewählte Themengebiete interdisziplinär präsentiert und multiperspektivisch beleuchtet. Alle Beiträge sind mit Verweisen auf ausgewählte weiterführende Literatur referenziert. Die Beiträge werden regelmäßig überarbeitet und aktualisiert.

Current practice involves the use of 3D surgical planning and patient-specific solutions in multiple surgical areas of expertise. Patient-specific solutions have been endorsed for several years in numerous publications due to their associated benefits around accuracy, safety, and predictability of surgical outcome. The basis of 3D surgical planning is the use of high-quality medical images (e.g., CT, MRI, or PET-scans). The translation from 3D digital planning toward surgical applications was developed hand in hand with a rise in 3D printing applications of multiple biocompatible materials. These technical aspects of medical care require engineers' or technical physicians' expertise for optimal safe and effective implementation in daily clinical routines.The aim and scope of this Special Issue is high-tech solutions in personalized surgery, based on 3D technology and, more specifically, bone-related surgery. Full-papers or highly innovative technical notes or (systematic) reviews that relate to innovative personalized surgery are invited. This can include optimization of imaging for 3D VSP, optimization of 3D VSP workflow and its translation toward the surgical procedure, or optimization of personalized implants or devices in relation to bone surgery.

The articles in this volume cover the various radiosurgical techniques used to treat benign and malignant intracranial tumors, cavernous malformations, and functional disorders, as well as a wide array of specific details on medical physics, neuroimaging, and anesthetic support. Particular emphasis is put on the optimal combination of microneurosurgery and radiosurgery for attaining the best functional results in patients with vestibular schwannomas, craniopharyngiomas, and pituitary adenomas, and on the most effective methods of treatment planning and radiation dosimetry in cases of metastatic brain tumors. The highlighted clinical aspects include indications for radiosurgery and the prediction of patients' prognosis, along with analysis of outcomes in comparison with results achieved by other modalities in the context of multifaceted therapeutic strategies. In addition, possible options for applying advanced treatment using such modern devices as Leksell Gamma Knife PerfexionTM and IconTM are presented in depth. This information will interest both radiosurgical practitioners and neurosurgeons, and help them to provide optimal care and to achieve the greatest benefit of their patients. This book will serve as an excellent companion for the previous publication "Gamma Knife Neurosurgery in the Management of Intracranial Disorders" (Acta Neurochirurgica Supplement, Volume 116, Springer, 2013).

This text is designed to function as a comprehensive guide/companion that will not only facilitate the decision-making process for the surgeon, but also help young surgeons build a successful career in skull base surgery. It is divided into six main sections: The first section details the general principles that every skull base surgeon needs to be acquainted with - skull base anatomy, developing a multidisciplinary skull base team, operating room equipment, surgical instruments, and modern imaging technologies. These are the key elements that play a major role in optimizing functional outcomes and patients' quality of life. Following this, the compartmental anatomy chapters set the stage for understanding the technical and surgical nuances of each location.The subsequent five sections are organized as anatomical compartments or regions of the skull base. Every region is organized in the same format for uniformity and ease of use. Each section includes the available treatment choices to each compartment, and describes the relevant pathologies. The contribution of worldwide leaders including neurosurgeons and otolaryngologists provides top-level expertise in how to tackle each pathology. The surgical approaches chapters that lead each anatomical section describe operative techniques in a clear. stepwise fashion with accompanying intra-operative photos and surgical videos. In the individual pathology chapters, different pathological subtypes are described with representative radiographic images of clinical case examples. Accompanying each pathology is a treatment algorithm based on tumor morphology, pre-operative clinical status, and the goal of maximum functional preservation with a brief description of surgical approaches. This will serve as a roadmap that will help the reader to easily reach a decision of how to treat each skull base pathology. The general theme is functional and anatomical preservation of key neurovascular structures. Setting such structures as a target and planning an approach that minimizes iatrogenic damage to these structures will lead the surgeon down the road of either open, endoscopic, or a combination of both approaches. A comprehensive book that is versatile to serve as a handbook as well as a detailed reference for skull base surgery does not currently exist. In addition, combining the two main surgical schools represented by endoscopy and open surgery into one reference enhanced by treatment algorithms is another unique feature.

This book offers a thorough, clear and practical guide to identifying, preventing and correcting any error or bias that may arise during the interpretation and reporting of medical images. It combines information and insights from the fields of radiology, expertise theory, cognitive psychology, and advanced learning practices with the author's considerable clinical (radiologic) experience. In addition, the book features an extensive "Teaching Cases Section" that simulates real-world situations, giving readers an opportunity to practice what they have just learned.The purpose of the book is to provide readers with essential information and strategies, and to point out the deficiencies of the current radiology education system, in order to minimize the occurrence and the clinical impact of errors in imaging by offering the proper education and training for imaging professionals.It offers a valuable guide for diagnostic radiologists and all other imaging professionals, whether in training or in practice. Though the main emphasis is on computed tomography and magnetic resonance, the general principles are applicable to all conventional imaging modalities.

In diesem Buch präsentieren 38 renommierte Orthopäden 38 beeindruckende Langzeitverläufe in der operativen Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie:· Das Nicht-Kennen-Wollen unserer Langzeitresultate ist wie das Verdrängen unseres eigenen beruflichen Werdeganges.· Aus der Langzeitdokumentation holen wir unsere Sicherheit, dem medizinisch-industriellen Komplex mit all seinen kurzlebigen technischen Neuerungen gegenüber kritisch zu sein.· Das Erarbeiten von Langzeitresultaten manifestiert die hohe Eigenverantwortung, die wir unseren Patienten gegenüber haben.Ein Plädoyer für mehr Engagement bei Archivierung und Analyse von Langzeitverläufen!

Das Essential gibt eine systematische Übersicht zur Diagnostik und Therapie des Karpaltunnelsyndroms (KTS), des mit Abstand häufigsten Kompressionssyndroms eines peripheren Nervs. Führendes Symptom ist das "Einschlafen" der Hände. Wenn die konservative Behandlung, vorzugsweise mit nächtlicher Ruhigstellung des Handgelenks auf einer Schiene, nicht zu anhaltender Beschwerdefreiheit führt, ergibt sich die Indikation für eine offene oder endoskopische Retinakulumspaltung. Die diagnostischen Techniken und die Behandlungsmöglichkeiten werden kritisch und leitlinienkonform diskutiert und eingehend beschrieben. Auf mögliche Risiken und Komplikationen sowie das Vorgehen bei Schwangeren, bei Dialysepatienten u.a. sowie die Tendovaginosis stenosans als wichtigste Begleiterkrankung wird gesondert eingegangen.

Book

The measurement of the cerebral circulation in children, particularly in newborns and young infants, has for a long time been high on the list of needs in clinical and scientific pediatrics. The methods available to date have either been too unreliable or unsuitable for use on children. In the course of a research project at the Department of Pediatrics of the Uni­ versity of Freiburg, Dr. Harald Bode has made the first systematic ex­ amination of the cerebral circulation of children using transcranial Doppler sonography. Over 500 children with ages between 0 and 18 years were included in this exhaustive study, documenting Doppler measurements in about 3,000 basal cerebral arteries. Basic reference values were obtained which involved adapting the methodology and available equipment to the special re­ quirements of the pediatrician. Moreover, the influence of biological and physiological factors on these Doppler values has also been considered in addition to those of disease and therapy. The result is an impressive record of the many applications of trans­ cranial Doppler sonography during childhood. It is not difficult to predict that this methodology will be of lasting value and capable of further de­ velopment. I hope this book receives the attention it undoubtedly deserves and that the author is able to continue in realizing his fruitful scientific ideas in clinical pediatric practice.

InJuly 1982 the first Dartmouth workshop on the corpus callosum took place. A nucleus of basic and clinical scientists was convened to give progress reports of their work on the corpus callosum. This text was subsequently compiled by the various participants from these reports modified by a stimulating cross­ fertilization of ideas and subsequent studies. Four and one-half decades have intervened since Van Wagenen first sectioned the corpus callosum for epilepsy (Van Wagenen and Herren, 1940) and Erickson (1940) demonstrated that the corpus callosum is the major route for generalization of experimentally induced focal cortical epilepsy. During the succeeding 45 years a handful of clinicians has pursued these leads to confirm the therapeutic value of callosotomy for some types of medically intractable generalized epilepsy. Parallel experimental studies with a number of epilepsy models have indicated that the corpus callosum is indeed the major route for seizure generalization, that the brainstem is a secondary and more resistant pathway for seizure generalization, and that most if not all epileptic seizures originate from the cerbral cortex. The unexpected clinical finding that even partial (focal) seizure incidence is modified by callosotomy now has been demonstrated in the laboratory. The various contributors to the clinical and experimental epilepsy sections of this volume have been seminal in these elucidations, as will be evident from their chapters. The section on the development, anatomy, and physiology of the corpus callosum demonstrates that these basic areas of study have not been neglected.

Das Schicksal des Patienten bei chirurgischen Erkrankungen hangt heute wie in den Anfangszeiten unserer Wissenschaft tiberwiegend von der Personlichkeit des Arztes, seinem Wissen, der unermtidlichen Ein­ satzbereitschaft, der Geschicklichkeit seiner Hande und der Verwen­ dung seiner Sinnesorgane bei der Beurteilung der ihm anvertrauten Menschen abo Unabhangig davon haben neue Entwicklungen in der Medizintechnik zu Veranderungen in der Diagnostik und operativen Therapie geftihrt, die es uns erlauben, die Indikation weiter zu stellen und mit geringeren Komplikationsraten und immer we iter abnehmender Letalitat zu operieren. Technisierung der Medizin kostet Geld. Deshalb stehen technische Einrichtungen in den einzelnen Krankenhausern in unterschiedlichem Umfang zur Verftigung. Die Operationstechnik hat sich demgegentiber im Prinzip gegeniiber friiheren Zeiten nicht geandert. Heute wie friiher aber haben Chirurgen in bestimmten Zentren auf Grund groBer Erfah­ rungen durch die Konzentration bestimmter Krankheitsbilder die Ope­ rationstechnik verfeinert und verbessert. Ziel unserer Jahrestagung war es nun, einen Ausgleich des Wissens­ standes im Hinblick auf die Anwendung technischer Hi!fsmittel und der individuellen Operationstechnik herbeizuftihren. 1m ersten Tei! unserer Tagung hatten die Referenten den Auftrag, Entwicklungen zu demon­ strieren, die heute noch im Stadium des Experimentes, morgen vielleicht unsere tagliche Arbeit beeinflussen werden. In den klinischen Vortragen sollte von erfahrenen Chirurgen deren individuelles praktisches Vor­ gehen bei typischen Operationen dargestellt werden.

A practical, step-by-step guide to neurointerventional treatment of central nervous system pathologyCase-Based Interventional Neuroradiology, Second Edition, edited by global experts Timo Krings, Adam A. Dmytriw, Sasikhan Geibprasert, and Karel ter Brugge encompasses the entire spectrum of pathological conditions that can be treated by interventional neuroradiologists. The updated second edition of this widely acclaimed resource combines scientific rigor, honesty, and ethics with a human touch throughout significantly expanded content. This includes a growing number of disease entities that can be treated effectively with neurointerventional therapy, such as idiopathic intracranial hypertension, chronic subdural hematoma, retinoblastoma, and cerebrospinal fluid leak.Throughout 103 cases organized into 10 sections, the authors discuss the rationale for selecting specific materials and methods, then outline the risks and benefits of their choices versus other options. Updated cases include a comprehensive view of endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms with and without coiling assistance, flow diversion, and flow disruption. Other major updates include the treatment of shunting lesions, head and neck embolization, spinal pathology, the use of modern stents and liquid embolics. Several case reports describe in detail how to manage asymptomatic, incidentally discovered disorders, highlighting the importance of knowing the natural history of these diseases to formulate the most optimal patient risk management strategy.Key Highlights- Reflects the clinical, radioanatomical, technical, and human skills of world-renowned pioneers of neurointerventional techniques, supported by modern disease and imaging leaders- Insightful clinical pearls on how to avoid, recognize, and manage periprocedural complications- Interpretation of clinical and high quality imaging findings enhance understanding of the rationale for specific approaches and goals of treatmentThis unique book will help fellows and seasoned practitioners in radiology, interventional radiology, neuroradiology, and vascular neurosurgery expand knowledge and understanding of the latest techniques and incorporate them into practice.This print book includes a scratch off code to access a complimentary digital copy on MedOne.Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product.

The book is a long-needed summary of neurological structures and practice worldwide. It is intended to serve as a compendial summary of neurology and is based on the inputs of the World Federation of Neurology (WFN) regions, developments of the World health Organization (WHO), the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) of UNECOSOC and relations with other medical specialties.The book describes the historic development of neurology and the rapid growth in the past decades, based on science and research and implementation of structures. Based on the World Bank classification the regions of the world are divided according to income (High income, Low income, Upper and Lower Middle income), or more recently in the North South Divide.Core disciplines for which the book is of interest are neurology, neuropathology, neurophysiology, neurosurgery, psychiatry, internal medicine, (neuro) radiology, (neuropsychology). And, patient organisations, nursing, carers, physiotherapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy can benefit from it.Chapters 4, 5, and 6 are available as open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO License via link.springer.com.

Wie gelingt es, schwer kranke Menschen auf ihrem letzten Weg achtsam zu begleiten, wenn ihre Tage nicht mehr mit Leben erfüllt erscheinen? Wie kann ein Behandlungsteam diesen Tagen dennoch Wärme, Bedeutung und Würde schenken? Welche Rolle spielen Angehörige und nahestehende Menschen in dieser existenziellen Zeit? Welche Möglichkeiten der Versorgung bietet die neurologisch-neurochirurgische Frührehabilitation? Und wie lässt sich das Spannungsfeld zwischen Medizin, Menschlichkeit und Ethik in der palliativen Arbeit verantwortungsvoll gestalten? Diesen und weiteren grundlegenden Fragen widmet sich dieses Fallbuch. Es eröffnet einen Blick auf die Palliative Care in der neurologisch-neurochirurgischen Frührehabilitation - einem Ort zwischen Hoffnung und Abschied, an dem sich Wege neu eröffnen oder still zu Ende gehen. Patientengeschichten verweben sich mit den Erfahrungen des interdisziplinären Rehabilitationsteams und machen spürbar: Medizin bedeutet nicht nur zu heilen, sondern auch zu begleiten, zu tragen, Trost zu spenden und Würde zu bewahren. Ein berührendes Buch, das leise daran erinnert: Wenn das Licht verblasst, ist man schon zu Hause.

Die „In-Frage-und-Antwort“-Reihe ermöglicht die effiziente Vorbereitung auf mündliche Prüfungen während des Semesters und im Examen.<BR><BR>Die Pluspunkte im Einzelnen:- „Lebensechte“ Formulierung der Prüfungsfragen- Ausführliche Kommentare zu den einzelnen Fragestellungen- Besonders geeignet zur Simulation der Prüfungssituation, z. B. in der Lerngruppe- Fallbeispiele, an denen Denkabläufe in der Klinik geübt werden können- Merksätze- Tipps und Tricks zur Bewältigung der PrüfungssituationNeu in der 11. Auflage:- Video zur orientierenden Untersuchung der Schulter bei V. a. Impingement und AC-Gelenk-Problematik- Video zur Untersuchung des Knies nach Trauma bei V. a. Läsion des Innenmeniskus- Neue Abbildungen aus dem klinischen Alltag

An incomparable collection of evidence-based cavernoma road trips through the cerebral terrainSeven Cavernomas: Tenets and Techniques for Resection is the fourth volume in a remarkable series by internationally renowned neurosurgeon Michael T. Lawton. As with the three prior volumes, Dr. Lawton leverages his vast expertise as a leading cerebrovascular neurosurgeon, sharing insights and knowledge gained from operating on over 1,400 cavernomas. Seven Cavernomas integrates quintessential clinical, anatomical, and microsurgical concepts into a comprehensive heuristic to position neurosurgeons to achieve the best patient outcomes with cavernoma microsurgical resection.Section 1 details the 10 cavernoma tenets, starting with a taxonomy for classification by location and surface representation. Subsequent chapters describe brainstem and cerebral anatomy as well as dissection techniques in detail, covering the triangle concept, arterial landmarks, hotspots of brain eloquence, recurrence, patient selection, and cartography. Section 2 examines the seven types of cavernous malformations, with insightful pearls on resection techniques. The closing chapter concludes with discussion of the future role neurosurgery will play in understanding how the brain gives us our consciousness, emotion, memory, and intelligence.Key HighlightsTaxonomy of seven cavernoma types and 35 subtypes guides the neurosurgeon to choose the most optimal approaches, execute the operation skillfully, and maximize intraoperative performance- Brainstem cavernous malformation cartography maps out the special relationships between the craniotomy, subarachnoid approach, anatomical triangles, safe entry zones, and arteries as vascular waypoints- An impressive compendium of 65 surgical videos and eight animations captures the action, progression, movement, and technical nuances that sculpt the art of neurosurgery- A total of 500 exquisitely rendered illustrations and clinical images delineate anatomical components with stunning accuracy This volume is an essential reference for every vascular neurosurgeon. The book demonstrates in meticulous detail how the art and science of map-making is a path to crystallizing the art and science of cavernoma resection. The taxonomy provides a consistent nomenclature for discussion while providing technical and navigational nuance, inspiring confidence, and empowering neurosurgeons to improve patient outcomes.

This richly illustrated book provides a comprehensive account of the imaging of scalp and calvarial lesions. It discusses essential facts such as the anatomy and pathology of the scalp and calvarium, imaging findings in CT and MRI, differential diagnosis, and selected references. The author presents the key information on the left and illustrations on the right side of the book. While the book shows the most common radiological examples, it also includes less typical cases.The uniform design and easy-to-use structure make the book a valuable reference guide for (neuro)radiology, neurosurgery, and dermatology specialists.

This open access book revolves around predictive mathematical modelling and simulation of brain multiphysics with an emphasis on cerebrospinal fluid flow and solute transport in and around the human brain. The book consists of 10 self-contained and relatively short chapters, each offering a rapid introduction to a key problem or topic, supported by open source software. Readers will gain insights into state-of-the-art mathematical tools and techniques for modelling and simulation of brain multiphysics ranging from classical finite element approaches, network-based modelling techniques and deep neural networks. The target audiences are researchers in applied mathematics, scientific computing, biophysics, bioengineering or computational neuroscience interested in a compact introduction to image-based computational modeling of brain multiphysics and cutting-edge available tools.