Global Crisis

Now in paperback, this is a history of an incomparable culture whose influence can still be seen, millennia later, in modern-day Iran and the wider Middle East. During the first and second millennia BCE a swathe of nomadic peoples migrated outward from Central Asia into the Eurasian periphery. One group of these people would find themselves encamped in an unpromising, arid region just south of the Caspian Sea. From these modest and uncertain beginnings, they would go on to form one of the most powerful empires in history: the Persian Empire. In this book, Geoffrey and Brenda Parker tell the captivating story of this ancient civilization and its enduring legacy to the world. The authors examine the unique features of Persian life and trace their influence throughout the centuries. They examine the environmental difficulties the early Persians encountered and how, in overcoming them, they were able to develop a unique culture that would culminate in the massive, first empire, the Achaemenid Empire. Extending their influence into the maritime west, they fought the Greeks for mastery of the eastern Mediterranean--one of the most significant geopolitical contests of the ancient world. And the authors paint vivid portraits of Persian cities and their spectacular achievements: intricate and far-reaching roadways, an astonishing irrigation system that created desert paradises, and, above all, an extraordinary reflection of the diverse peoples that inhabited them.

Quale fu il segreto che consentì a un continente piccolo e scarsamente dotato di risorse naturali come l'Europa di guadagnare fra Cinque e Ottocento una superiorità planetaria? Secondo Parker le origini del successo europeo vanno ricercate sul terreno militare. Egli studia dunque la pratica militare europea, facendo riferimento al ruolo delle armi da fuoco e alla trasformazione delle strategie belliche, per poi esaminare il modo in cui la rivoluzione militare, che si sposava a un'esplicita politica di potenza, diede agli europei un decisivo vantaggio sui popoli degli altri continenti. Il volume si conclude con una rassegna degli ulteriori cambiamenti introdotti nella sfera militare in seguito alla rivoluzione industriale, che consentirono all'Occidente di dominare pressoché il mondo intero fino al 1914.

This is a new edition of Geoffrey Parker's much-admired illustrated account of how the West, so small and so deficient in natural resources in 1500, had by 1800 come to control over one-third of the world. Parker argues that the rapid development of military practice in the West constituted a 'military revolution' which gave Westerners an insurmountable advantage over the peoples of other continents. This edition incorporates new material, including a substantial 'Afterword' which summarises the debate which developed after the book's first publication.