Elektrotechnik

This book provides readers with peer-reviewed research papers presented at the 6th International Conference on Clean Energy and Electrical Systems held in Kyoto, Japan, from April 5 to 7, 2024. This proceedings mainly covers theoretical, technical, and practical methods and practices on clean energy and electrical systems. And it includes nuclear energy and "renewable energy." With the continuous growth of energy demand and the increasing awareness of environmental protection in countries around the world, it is urgent and imperative to establish a clean energy innovation research and development, promotion, and application system. The book also covers electricity, fuel, thermal, transportation, and water infrastructures and their development and deployment in different regions around the world. The book includes future development trends with analysis of lifecycle and economical models for successful implementation projects.

This thesis demonstrates the value of theoretical approaches in the discovery of new superconducting materials. It reports a detailed study of the recently discovered nickel-oxide (nickelate) superconductors using multiple first-principles computational tools, from density functional theory to dynamical mean field theory. In the context of superconductivity, discoveries have generally been linked to serendipitous experimental discovery; this thesis reports some of the few examples of predictions of new superconductors that have later been realized in practice, a prime example of the significance of the methodology it expounds. Overall, it represents a seminal systematic work in the electronic structure theory of the emergent field of nickelate superconductivity.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 30th International Conference on MultiMedia Modeling, MMM 2024, held in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, during January 29-February 2, 2024.The 112 full papers included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 297 submissions. The MMM conference were organized in topics related to multimedia modelling, particularly: audio, image, video processing, coding and compression; multimodal analysis for retrieval applications, and multimedia fusion methods.

This book highlights the overview of Spintronics, including What is Spintronics ?; Why Do We Need Spintronics ?; Comparative merit-demerit of Spintronics and Electronics ; Research Efforts put on Spintronics ; Quantum Mechanics of Spin; Dynamics of magnetic moments : Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert Equation; Spin-Dependent Band Gap in Ferromagnetic Materials; Functionality of 'Spin' in Spintronics; Different Branches of Spintronics etc. Some important notions on basic elements of Spintronics are discussed here, such as - Spin Polarization, Spin Filter Effect, Spin Generation and Injection, Spin Accumulation, Different kinds of Spin Relaxation Phenomena, Spin Valve, Spin Extraction, Spin Hall Effect, Spin Seebeck Effect, Spin Current Measurement Mechanism, Magnetoresistance and its different kinds etc. Concept of Giant Magnetoresistance (GMR), different types of GMR, qualitative and quantitative explanation of GMR employing Resistor Network Theory are presented here. Tunnelling Magnetoresistance (TMR), Magnetic Junctions, Effect of various parameters on TMR, Measurement of spin relaxation length and time in the spacer layer are covered here. This book highlights the concept of Spin Transfer Torque (STT), STT in Ferromagnetic Layer Structures, STT driven Magnetization Dynamics, STT in Magnetic Multilayer Nanopillar etc. This book also sheds light on Magnetic Domain Wall (MDW) Motion, Ratchet Effect in MDW motion, MDW motion velocity measurements, Current-driven MDW motion, etc. The book deals with the emerging field of spintronics, i.e., Opto-spintronics. Special emphasis is given on ultrafast optical controlling of magnetic states of antiferromagnet, Spin-photon interaction, Faraday Effect, Inverse Faraday Effect and outline of different all-optical spintronic switching. One more promising branch i.e., Terahertz Spintronics is also covered. Principle of operation of spintronic terahertz emitter, choice of materials, terahertz writing of an antiferromagnetic magnetic memory device is discussed. Brief introduction of Semiconductor spintronics is presented that includes dilute magnetic semiconductor, feromagnetic semiconductor, spin polarized semiconductor devices, three terminal spintronic devices, Spin transistor, Spin-LED, and Spin-Laser. This book also emphasizes on several modern spintronics devices that includes GMR Read Head of Modern Hard Disk Drive, MRAM, Position Sensor, Biosensor, Magnetic Field sensor, Three Terminal Magnetic Memory Devices, Spin FET, Race Track Memory and Quantum Computing.

This book intends to report the new results of the efforts on the study of Layered Intelligence of the Machine Brain (LIMB). The book collects novel research ideas in LIMB and summarizes the current machine intelligence level as "five layer intelligence"- environments sensing, active learning, cognitive computing, intelligent decision making and automatized execution. The book is likely to be of interest to university researchers, R&D engineers and graduate students in computer science and electronics who wish to learn the core principles, methods, algorithms, and applications of LIMB.

This book tackles the challenges of designing mm-wave circuits in 16nm FinFET, from the elementary transistor level to a measured D-band transmitter. The design of crucial building blocks such as oscillators and power amplifiers are covered through theoretical limitations, design methodology and measurement.Offers first book on design of mm-wave circuits above 100GHz in an advanced 16nm FinFET digital technology;Covers fundamentals of transistor layout, circuit implementation and measurements;Provides single-source reference to information otherwise only available in disparate literature.

This thesis describes in-depth studies of the remarkable electronic transport within the ultrahigh conductivity delafossite metals PtCoO_2 and PdCoO_2 using the tool of focused ion beam (FIB) microstucturing. Despite being first synthesised over 50 years ago, important questions remain regarding both the origin of the unusually high conductivity of these compounds and the consequences of their unique properties for unconventional electronic transport, such as that within the ballistic regime. The thesis explores both these areas.High-energy electron irradiation is used to examine the effects of deliberately introducing point defects into PdCoO_2 and PtCoO_2, demonstrating that the extremely low resistivity of these materials stems from an extreme purity as high as 1 defect in 120,000 atoms, rather than a novel scattering suppression mechanism. In addition, studies of the electronic transport in micron-scale squares of these metals show that their broadly hexagonal Fermi surfaces lead not only to long range ballistic behaviour but novel ballistic regime phenomena which cannot be observed in materials with a higher-symmetry Fermi surface.

This book covers a wide range of important topics including but not limited to Technology Trends, Computing, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Vision, Communication, Security, e-Learning, and Ambient Intelligence and their applications to the real world. The sixth Future Technologies Conference 2021 was organized virtually and received a total of 531 submissions from academic pioneering researchers, scientists, industrial engineers, and students from all over the world.. After a double-blind peer review process, 191 submissions have been selected to be included in these proceedings.One of the meaningful and valuable dimensions of this conference is the way it brings together a large group of technology geniuses in one venue to not only present breakthrough research in future technologies, but also to promote discussions and debate of relevant issues, challenges, opportunities and research findings. We hope that readers find the book interesting, exciting, and inspiring; it provides the state-of-the-art intelligent methods and techniques for solving real-world problems along with a vision of the future research.

This book presents cutting-edge research papers in the field of Underwater System Technology in Malaysia and Asia in general. The topics covered include intelligent robotics, novel sensor technologies, control algorithms, acoustic signal processing, imaging techniques, biomimetic robots, green energy sources, and underwater communication backbones and protocols. The book showcases some of the latest technologies and applications developed to facilitate local marine exploration and exploitation. It also addresses related topics concerning the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) outlined by the United Nations.

This monograph solely investigates the Debye Screening Length (DSL) in semiconductors and their nano-structures. The materials considered are quantized structures of non-linear optical, III-V, II-VI, Ge, Te, Platinum Antimonide, stressed materials, Bismuth, GaP, Gallium Antimonide, II-V and Bismuth Telluride respectively. The DSL in opto-electronic materials and their quantum confined counterparts is studied in the presence of strong light waves and intense electric fields on the basis of newly formulated electron dispersion laws that control the studies of such quantum effect devices. The suggestions for the experimental determination of 2D and 3D DSL and the importance of measurement of band gap in optoelectronic materials under intense built-in electric field in nano devices and strong external photo excitation (for measuring photon induced physical properties) have also been discussed in this context. The influence of crossed electric and quantizing magnetic fields on the DSL and the DSL in heavily doped semiconductors and their nanostructures has been investigated. This monograph contains 150 open research problems which form the integral part of the text and are useful for both PhD students and researchers in the fields of solid-state sciences, materials science, nano-science and technology and allied fields in addition to the graduate courses in modern semiconductor nanostructures.

"Electrical Conductive Adhesives with Nanotechnologies" begins with an overview of electronic packaging and discusses the various adhesives options currently available, including lead-free solder and ECAs (Electrically Conductive Adhesives). The material presented focuses on the three ECA categories specifically, Isotropically Conductive Adhesives (ICAs) Anisotropically Conductive Adhesives/Films (ACA/ACF) and Nonconductive Adhesives/Films (NCA/NCF). Discussing the advantages and limitations of each technique, and how each technique is currently applied. Lastly, a detailed presentation of how nano techniques can be applied to conductive adhesives is discussed, including recent research and development of nano component adhesives/nano component films, their electrical properties, thermal performance, bonding pressure and assembly and reliability.

This is part II of volume I of this book:The book is divided into the following sections:Polystage feature of mechanochemical processPolymer mechanochemistry deformationMechano-degradationInfluence of some factors on mechano-chemical degradationEffect of mechano-degradation on the structure and properties of polymersPolymer fractureFracture of composite materials

Das vorliegende Buch bietet eine auf die Belange der mathematischen Grundausbildung der Informatiker zugeschnittene Einführung in die Lineare Algebra, die den Leser bis hin zu den Euklidischen Vektorräumen und der Hauptachsentransformation führt. Besonders interessant sind Anwendungen der Vektorrechnung in der Codierungstheorie, Anwendungen der Matrizenrechnung auf lineare Gleichungssysteme und elementare Rechenmethoden zur Invertierung und Zerlegung von Matrizen und zur Bestimmung von Eigenwerten. Dem Teil über Lineare Algebra geht ein breit angelegter Teil über Grundlagen der Mathematik und diskrete Mathematik voraus. Neben der Mengenlehre und der Einführung der Zahlen (mit einem Abschnitt über Rekursion) enthält das Buch Kapitel über Graphentheorie, algebraische Grundstrukturen (bis hin zum Rechnen in Booleschen Algebren), über Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung und eine Einführung in Fuzzy-Mengen. Mit vielen Beispielen und Anwendungen auch bestens zum Selbststudium geeignet.

Dieses Lehrbuch wendet sich an fortgeschrittene Studenten der Natur- und Ingenieurwissenschaften, insbesondere auch der Informatik. In Forschung und Entwicklung Tätige können ebenfalls davon profitieren, da auch zahlreiche Ergebnisse aus neueren Forschungsarbeiten eingeflossen sind. Dabei wurde Wert darauf gelegt, nicht nur Ergebnisse zu präsentieren und zu kommentieren, sondern auch die grundlegenden Ansätze und Methoden zu ihrer Herleitung zu beschreiben. Der Leser wird damit in die Lage versetzt, ähnliche Probleme selbständig zu lösen.

Optik,Laser, Wellenleiter stellt eine Einführung in die angewandte Optik dar. Dabei werden nicht nur Strahlenoptik mit optischen Instrumenten, Lichtquellen und Detektoren einerseits sowie Wellenoptik mit Interferometrie andererseits behandelt; es wird auch ausführlich auf Holographie, Laser, Kohärenz, Faseroptik, Wellenleiter und integrierte Optik eingegangen. Die physikalischen Grundlagen, Anwendungen und die Instrumentierung stehen dabei stets im Vordergrund. Mehr als 100 Übungen dienen der Vertiefung des Stoffes. Das Buch ist sowohl als vorlesungsbegleitende Lektüre für Studenten als auch als Nachschlagewerk für Diplomanden, Wissenschaftler und Praktiker geeignet.